• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a hubcap wheel of a vehicle, including automotive. According to the invention, a shape memory actuator device (4) exerts a torsional force between a shutter (3) and the hubcap body (1) about an axis substantially coinciding with the axis of pivoting the shutter (3) to bring it to an open position of the embellishment of the trim (2) during the raising of the temperature in the vicinity of the actuator device (4). The invention finds its application in the field of the automotive industry.
    公开号:FR3057805A1
    申请号:FR1660373
    申请日:2016-10-26
    公开日:2018-04-27
    发明作者:Eric Palpacuer；Julien Favre
    申请人:Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Holder (s): PEUGEOT CITROEN AUTOMOBILES SA Société anonyme.
    Extension request (s)
    Agent (s): PEUGEOT CITROEN AUTOMOBILES SA Public limited company.
    (M) WHEEL COVER FOR A VEHICLE, PARTICULARLY A MOTOR VEHICLE.
    FR 3 057 805 - A1 (5 /) The invention relates to a wheel cover of a vehicle, in particular an automobile.
    According to the invention, an actuator device with shape memory (4) exerts a torsional force between a shutter (3) and the hubcap body (1) around an axis substantially coincident with the axis of pivoting of the shutter (3) to bring the latter to an open position of the embellishment of the hubcap (2) when the temperature rises in the vicinity of the actuator device (4).
    The invention finds its application in the field of the automobile industry.
    WHEEL COVER OF A VEHICLE, PARTICULARLY A MOTOR VEHICLE [001] The invention relates to a wheel cover with variable geometry of a vehicle, especially a motor vehicle. By variable geometry is meant the variation in the openwork area of the hubcap as a function of the ambient temperature prevailing in the space formed between the wheel and the hubcap.
    Aerodynamic hub caps are known, having a relatively small open area to limit aerodynamic drag, but which have the disadvantage of not cooling the braking members e optimally. Conversely, there are known hubcaps having large openings of hubcaps to cool the braking members effectively, but which on the other hand have unfavorable aerodynamic characteristics.
    DE 10 2011 117 088 describes a wheel cover, in one piece and made of plastic, which includes a cover body with an opening, a flap hinged on one side of the opening and an actuating element. One end of the actuator is coupled to the body of the hubcap and the other end of the actuator is coupled to the flap. The actuating element includes a bimetallic strip, an elastic element and a shortening element made of a temperature memory alloy which reacts to the temperature, so as to close the hubcap to optimize aerodynamics and open the covers of the hubcap when the brakes go up in temperature to cool them.
    However, although offering a compromise between low aerodynamic drag and effective cooling of the braking members, the design of this hubcap remains complex and costly, particularly with regard to the actuating element.
    The present invention aims to overcome the above drawbacks of the prior art.
    To achieve this object, the invention relates to a wheel hubcap comprising a hubcap body comprising at least one openwork of the hubcap, a shutter shutter of the openwork hubcap pivotally mounted on the body of the hubcap between two positions respectively for closing and opening the hubcap cutout to allow the passage of cooling air through the hubcap cutout, and an actuator device with shape memory interposed between the hubcap body and the shutter so that, under the action of the temperature rise in the vicinity of the actuator device, the latter pivotally drives the shutter towards its open position of the openwork of the hubcap, the shape memory actuator device comprising a torsion means exerting a torsional force between the shutter flap and the hubcap body around an axis coincident with the pivot axis of the flap d shutter to bring the latter ier towards its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap when the temperature increases in the vicinity of the actuator device.
    In another feature, the means of twisting the actuator device is a helical spring made of a shape memory material mounted concentric with the pivot axis of the shutter and the end turns of which are respectively secured to the body of the hubcap and the shutter, the spring deforming under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the spring to exert a torsional force between the shutter and the body of the hubcap.
    In another feature, the torsion means of the actuator device is a torsion bar comprising a fixed part secured to the hubcap body and a cylindrical part made of a memory material of coaxial shape with the fixed part whose opposite ends are secured respectively to the fixed part and the shutter and deformable in torsion under the action of the rise in temperature to exert a torsional force between the shutter and the body of the hubcap, the part cylindrical being coincident with the pivot axis of the shutter.
    In another feature, the shutter in its open position of the hubcap cutout forms an angle of about ten degrees with a plane in which the body of the hubcap extends.
    In another feature, the wheel cover comprises several cover openings arranged radially and distributed circumferentially at a constant angular pitch, each cover openwork being provided with a shutter for closing the openwork.
    In another feature, the wheel cover includes an elastically deformable member interposed between the shutter and the body of the cover and exerting a force between the shutter and the body of the cover for bring the shutter towards its closed position when the torsional force exerted by the actuator device gradually decreases under the effect of the lowering of the temperature in the vicinity of the actuator device.
    In another feature, the hubcap body includes a yoke supporting the pivot axis of the shutter concentrically passing through the coil spring, and in that the shutter comprises a stirrup whose branches are integral of the shutter and are crossed respectively by the ends of a cylindrical rod forming the pivot axis of the shutter, so that the legs of the stirrup can pivot around the pivot axis.
    In another feature, the end turn of the spring secured to the shutter is embedded in an orifice formed in the core of the stirrup.
    In another feature, the shutter comprises a stirrup whose branches are integral with the shutter, one of the branches being traversed by the free end of the fixed part of the torsion bar so that this branch can pivot around the fixed part, in that the cylindrical part of the torsion bar is pivotally supported by a part of the hubcap body, and in that the free end opposite to the fixed part of the cylindrical part of the torsion bar is fixed in the other branch of the stirrup so that the cylindrical part can pivot this other branch.
    The invention also relates to a motor vehicle of which at least one wheel comprises a hubcap as described above.
    The invention will be better understood, and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the explanatory description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings given solely by way of example illustrating two embodiments of the invention and in which:
    - Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the hubcap of the invention in a first embodiment, the shutters being in the closed position of the trim openings of the hubcap;
    - Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the hubcap of Figure 1, the shutters being in the open position of the trim openings;
    - Figure 3 shows an enlarged detail of the hubcap of Figure 1, showing a shutter shutter in the closed position of the corresponding hubcap cutout;
    - Figure 4 shows an enlarged detail of the hubcap of Figure 2, showing a shutter in the open position of the openwork of the corresponding hubcap;
    - Figure 5 shows a shutter in its closed position of the aperture of the corresponding hubcap, according to a second embodiment of the invention;
    - Figure 6 shows the shutter of Figure 5 in its open position of the opening of the corresponding hubcap.
    [0017] With reference to the figures, the wheel cover of a motor vehicle will now be described.
    The wheel cover, preferably made of polyamide, comprises a cover body in the general shape of a disc designated by the general reference 1 and which is placed on the outside of a vehicle wheel. More specifically, the hubcap body 1 is fixed to the rim of the vehicle wheel by means of circumferential mounting lugs. The reference 11 designates the inner face of the hubcap body 1, therefore the face facing the interior of the vehicle.
    The wheel is provided with wheel openings distributed over at least one sector of the wheel and equidistant from the center of the latter.
    By way of nonlimiting example and as shown in the figures, the trim body 1 may be provided with five trim openings, collectively referenced 2. These trim openings 2 are equidistant from the center of the cover body 1, and are distributed circumferentially at a constant angular pitch on the cover body 1.
    Each embellishment of hubcap 2 comprises a shutter 3 of said perforation 2, pivotally mounted on the hubcap body 1 between an open position of the aperture of the hubcap 2 corresponding and a closed position of this aperture 2. The shutter flaps 3 are further mounted on the inner face 11 of the hubcap body 1. As best shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, each shutter flap 3 is pivotally mounted towards the inside of the wheel around a pivot axis (X-X ').
    The hubcap includes, for each shutter 3, an actuator device 4 which is intended to rotate the shutter 3 on its pivot axis (X-X ') to its open position for open the trim of the hubcap 2 when the ambient temperature near the actuator device 4 increases.
    The actuator device 4 is made of a shape memory material, for example a polymer material, but preferably a metal material or alloy with shape memory, so that, under the action of the elevation of the temperature in the vicinity of this actuator device 4, the latter deforms and pivotally drives the corresponding shutter 3 towards its open position of the aperture of the corresponding hubcap 2. In fact, a sample of a metal alloy with shape memory, such as for example Nickel-Titanium or Copper-Nickel-Titanium, or even Copper-Nickel-Aluminum, can undergo at low temperature an apparently plastic deformation of a few percent and fully recover its given initial shape at high temperature, by simple heating of this sample above a predetermined temperature.
    According to the invention, the actuator device comprises a soret torsion means that, when the temperature in the vicinity of the actuator device 4 exceeds the determined temperature, the torsion means of the actuator device 4 exerts a torsional force between the flap shutter 3 and the hubcap body 1 about an axis substantially coincident with the pivot axis (X-Xj of the shutter 3, to bring the latter to its open position of the openwork d '' corresponding hubcap 2.
    To prevent the shutter 3 in the open position from touching the wheel on which the hubcap is mounted, the hubcap body 1 comprises a stop 19 against which one of the edges of the shutter 3, preferably the edge furthest from the center of the hubcap, comes into abutment when the angle formed between the plane in which extends the hubcap body 1 and the shutter 3 exceeds a predetermined value, preferably on the order of ten degrees.
    According to the invention, each shutter 3 is pivotally mounted on a yoke 10, 10a in the U shape of the hubcap body 1. In addition, each flap 3 comprises a stirrup 12, 12a secured to the edge of the flap 3 opposite the edge able to come into abutment against the stop 19 described above. Referring to Figures 3 to 6, the branches 20, 20a of the yoke 10, 10a are engaged between the branches 13, 13a, 13b of the stirrup 12, 12a of the shutter 3. In addition, the axis of pivoting X-X 'of the shutter 3 crosses both the branches 20, 20a of the yoke 10, 10a and the branches 13, 13a, 13b of the stirrup 12, 12a of the shutter 3, so that the branches of the stirrup 12, 12a can pivot around the pivot axis XX '.
    In a first embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 4, the torsion means of the actuator device 4 is a helical spring 4a in a shape memory material mounted concentric with a cylindrical rod 11 forming the pivot axis X-X 'of the shutter 3. More specifically, the rod 11 concentrically passes through the helical spring 4a. The end turns 5, 6 of the helical spring 4a are respectively fixed to the yoke 10 of the hubcap body 1 and to the core 14 of the stirrup 12 of the corresponding shutter: these end turns 5, 6 are embedded in orifices formed respectively in the yoke 10 of the hubcap body 1 and in the core 14 of the stirrup 12 of the shutter 3. Thus, under the effect of the rise in temperature at in the vicinity of the spring 4a, the spring 4a is deformed to exert a torsional force around the pivot axis XX ′ between the shutter 3 and the cover body 1, driving the shutter 3 to its position d 'opening.
    In a second embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 5 and 6, the torsion means su actuator device 4 is a torsion bar 4b, positioned in place of the pivot axis XX ' of the corresponding shutter 3. The torsion bar 4b comprises a fixed part 7, that is to say which does not deform as a function of the temperature, integral with the corresponding yoke 10a of the hubcap body 1. The bar torsion 4b further comprises a cylindrical part 8 made of a shape memory material, coaxial with the fixed part 7, and whose opposite ends are respectively secured to the fixed part 7 and one of the arms 13b of the stirrup 12a of the corresponding shutter 3. Thus, under the effect of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the torsion bar 4b, the latter deforms to exert a torsional force between the shutter 3 and the hubcap body 1, driving the flap 3 to its position of or verture, the cylindrical part 8 being coincident with the pivot axis X-X ’.
    The fixed part 7 of the torsion bar 4b comprises a first end 18 embedded or welded to the corresponding yoke 10a of the hubcap body 1, and a second free end 15 supported by one of the branches 20a of the yoke 10a and passing through the corresponding branch 13a of the stirrup 12a, this branch 13a being able to pivot around this second free end 15 of the fixed part 7 of the torsion bar 4b. Preferably, the free end 15 of the fixed part 7 is clipped to the end of the corresponding branch 20a of the yoke 10a of the hubcap body 1.
    The cylindrical part 8 of the torsion bar 4b, coaxial with the fixed part 7, is pivotally supported by the other branch 20a of the yoke 10a. In addition, the free end 17 opposite the fixed part 7 of the cylindrical part 8 of the torsion bar 4b is fixed on the other branch 13b of the stirrup 12a of the shutter 3, so that the part cylindrical 8 can pivotally drive this other branch 13b. Alternatively, the free end 17 of the cylindrical part 8 is not fixed to the other branch 13b of the stirrup 12a of the flap 3, but has an oblong cross section and passes through an orifice in the branch 13b of the stirrup 12a of the shutter 3 which has a complementary shape. Thus, when the cylindrical part 8 is deformed, it pivots the corresponding branch 13b of the stirrup 12a.
    Thus, whatever the embodiment of the actuator device 4, when the temperature of the braking members exceeds a certain threshold, priority is given to the cooling of these braking members.
    Finally, so as to be able to deform the actuator device 4 in one or other of the embodiments described above when the temperature in the vicinity of this device 4 decreases, and thus bring the shutter 3 corresponding to its closed position, the cover comprises an elastically deformable member 9 interposed between the shutter 3 and the cover body 1. More specifically, this elastically deformable member comprises at least one leaf spring 21, one of which end is integral with the core 14, 14a of the stirrup 12, 12a of the shutter 3 and whose free end is in abutment against the corresponding yoke 10, 10a of the hubcap body 1.
    When the temperature in the space formed between the wheel and the hubcap increases, causing the opening of the shutter 3, the leaf spring 21 bends and is tensioned by the action of the actuator device 4. When the temperature decreases, the force exerted by the actuator device 4 and opposing the force exerted by the leaf spring 21 decreases, so that the force exerted by this leaf spring 21 makes it possible to deform the actuator device 4, whether it is a helical spring 4a or a torsion bar 4b, and bringing the shutter 3 to its position for shuttering the openwork of the hubcap 2. Thus, when the braking members do not require cooling, priority is given to good aerodynamic drag of the hubcap.
    The wheel trim as described above in its two embodiments therefore has an optimized aerodynamic drag while ensuring good cooling of the braking members. In addition, the hubcap according to the invention constitutes a simple and inexpensive technical solution in its production, the shape memory actuator being of simple constitution, and is economical due to the gain in CO 2 consumed thanks to the aerodynamic drag. optimized.
    The configuration as described is not limited to the embodiment described in the text and shown in the figures. It has only been given as a non-limiting example. Multiple modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, one could imagine an alternative to the second embodiment in which the torsion bar 4b comprises a fixed part secured to the hubcap body 1 and two cylindrical parts coaxial and coincident with the pivot axis XX ', each of these cylindrical parts being of a deformable material with shape memory. The cylindrical parts are secured to the fixed part each by one of their ends, the opposite free ends of the cylindrical parts being respectively secured to the two branches 13a, 13b of the stirrup 12a of the corresponding shutter 3, so that each cylindrical part can rotate the branch 13a, 13b of the stirrup 12a on which it is fixed.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Wheel cover comprising a cover body (1) comprising at least one openwork of cover (2), a shutter (3) of the openwork of cover (2) pivotally mounted on the body the hubcap (1) between two shutter and opening positions of the hubcap opening (2) respectively to allow the passage of cooling air through the hubcap opening (2), and a shape memory actuator device (4) interposed between the embellishment body (1) and the shutter (3) so that, under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the actuator device (4), the latter pivots the shutter (3) towards its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap (2), characterized in that the shape memory actuator device (4) comprises a torsion means exerting a torsional force between the shutter (3) and the hubcap body (1) around an axis coincident with the pivot axis (X-Xj d u shutter shutter (3) to bring the latter to its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap (2) when the temperature increases in the vicinity of the actuator device (4).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Wheel cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the torsion means of the actuator device (4) is a helical spring (4a) made of a shape memory material mounted concentric with the pivot axis (X-Xj of the shutter (3) and whose end turns (5, 6) are respectively secured to the hubcap body (1) and the shutter (3), the spring (4a) being deformed under the 'action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the spring (4a) to exert a torsional force between the shutter (3) and the body of the hubcap (1).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Wheel cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the torsion means of the actuator device (4) is a torsion bar (4b) comprising a fixed part (7) integral with the wheel cover body (1) and a cylindrical part (8) made of a memory material in coaxial shape with the fixed part (7) whose opposite ends are respectively fixed to the fixed part (7) and the shutter (3) and deformable in torsion under the action of the rise in temperature to exert a torsional force between the shutter (3) and the body of the hubcap (1), the cylindrical part (8) being coincident with the pivot axis (X -Xj of the shutter (3).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Wheel cover according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shutter flap (3) in its open position of the openwork of the wheel cover (2) forms an angle of approximately ten degrees with a plane in which the cover body extends (1) ·
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Wheel cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises several cover cutouts (2) arranged radially and distributed circumferentially at a constant angular pitch, each cover cutout (2) being provided with a shutter (3) of the openwork (2).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Wheel cover according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises an elastically deformable member (9) interposed between the shutter (3) and the body of the cover (1) and exerting a force between the shutter (3) and the body of the hubcap (1) to bring the shutter (3) to its closed position when the torsional force exerted by the actuator device ( 4) gradually decreases under the effect of the lowering of the temperature in the vicinity of the actuator device (4).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Wheel cover according to claim 2, characterized in that the cover body (1) comprises a yoke (10) supporting the pivot axis (11) of the shutter (3) concentrically passing through the helical spring (4a), and in that the obturation shutter (3) comprises a stirrup (12) whose branches (13) are integral with the obturation shutter (3) and are crossed respectively by the ends of a cylindrical rod (11) forming the pivot axis (X-X ') of the shutter (3), so that the arms (13) of the bracket (12) can pivot around the pivot axis (11 ).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Wheel cover according to claim 7, characterized in that the end turn (6) of the spring (4a) integral with the shutter (3) is embedded in an orifice formed in the core (14) of the bracket (12).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Wheel cover according to claim 3, characterized in that the shutter (3) comprises a stirrup (12a) whose branches (13a, 13b) are integral with the shutter (3), one branches being crossed by the free end (15) of the fixed part (7) of the torsion bar (4b) so that this branch (13a) can pivot around the fixed part (7), in that the cylindrical part (8) of the torsion bar (4b) is pivotally supported by a part (10a) of the hubcap body (1), and in that the free end (17) opposite the fixed part (7 ) of the cylindrical part (8) of the torsion bar (4b) is fixed in the other branch (13b) of the stirrup (12a) so that the cylindrical part (8) can pivot this other branch ( 13b).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Motor vehicle of which at least one wheel comprises a hubcap according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
    1/4
    2/4
    AT
    4/4
    4b 10a 3θ5 / 8θ5
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3057805B1|2019-11-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0145487A2|1983-12-14|1985-06-19|Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai Rika Denki Seisakusho|Apparatus for covering a disc wheel for motor vehicle|
    JPS61244601A|1985-04-22|1986-10-30|Kazuhiko Ida|Wheel for automobile|
    DE3816415A1|1988-05-13|1989-11-16|Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag|Vehicle brake with an air supply arrangement|FR3100481A1|2019-09-09|2021-03-12|Psa Automobiles Sa|VEHICLE WHEEL TRIM, WITH DECLIPPABLE AIR PASSAGE OCCULATORDEPENDING ON THE TEMPERATURE|
    FR3105094A1|2019-12-19|2021-06-25|Psa Automobiles Sa|MOTOR VEHICLE WHEEL TRIM CONTAINING MOBILE VENTILATION SHUTTERS|
    DE102021004886A1|2021-09-28|2021-12-02|Daimler Ag|Wheel for a passenger car|
    法律状态:
    2017-09-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-04-27| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20180427 |
    2018-09-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-09-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-09-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-09-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1660373A|FR3057805B1|2016-10-26|2016-10-26|WHEEL TRIM OF A VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A MOTOR VEHICLE|
    FR1660373|2016-10-26|FR1660373A| FR3057805B1|2016-10-26|2016-10-26|WHEEL TRIM OF A VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A MOTOR VEHICLE|
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